- book - MM - book open
- one person praying
- the cross ~ symbols of Christ
- (private) prayer; 'Oratione', 'Preghiere', 'Preghiere a Dio' (Ripa)
- person with big beard
- Contemplation
- looking downwards
- the monk and hermit Jerome (Hieronymus); possible attributes: book, cardinal's hat, crucifix, hour-glass, lion, skull, stone
- withdrawal into the wilderness or desert ~ ascetic life
- anchorite, hermit
- pious customs
- Nature
- landscapes
- mountains
- cave, grotto
- hands folded
- baldness
- beard
- moustache
- Thinking, Thought, Reflection; 'Pensiero' (Ripa)
- the worship of God
- ascetic life and practice
- mysticism
- (veneration of) devotional objects